Curcuma Longa - Herbal

Botanical Name-: Curcuma longa
Family Name-: Zingiberaceae (ginger)
Other Names: Turmeric, Curcuma, Curcuma

History Curcuma longa
Turmeric has been used in Indian systems of medicine for a long time. It was listed in an Assyrian herbal dating from about 600 BC and was also mentioned by Dioscorides. Both the East and the West have held its medicinal properties in high regard through the ages.

Principal Constituents
The rhizomes contain curcuminoids, curcumin, demethoxy curcumin, bis- demethoxycurcumin, 5'- methoxycurcumin and dihydrocurcumin which are found to be natural anti-oxidants. A new curcuminoid, cyclocurcumin, was isolated from the nematocidally active fraction of turmeric. The fresh rhizomes also contain two new natural phenolics which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and also two new pigments. Several sesquiterpenes, germacrone, turmerone, ar-(+)-, a-, ß- turmerones; ß- bisabolene; a-curcumene; zingiberene; ß- sesquiphellandene, bisacurone; curcumenone; dehydrocurdione; procurcumadiol; bis-acumol; curcumenol; isoprocurcumenol epiprocurcumenol; procurcumenol; zedoaronediol; curlone; and turmeronol A and turmeronol B, have been recorded from the rhizomes. The rhizomes are also reported to contain four new polysaccharides-ukonans - having activity on the Reticuloendothelial system, along with stigmasterol, ß-sitosterol, cholesterol and 2-hydroxymethyl anthraquinone1.

The essential oil from the rhizome contains d-a-phellandrene, d-sabinene, cineol, borneol, zingiberene, sesquiterpenes (turmerones)2. The crystalline coloring matter, curcumin, is a diferuloyl methane. It dissolves in concentrated sulphuric acid giving a yellow-red coloration3.


Pharmacology
Turmeric possesses anti-inflammatory property. Petroleum ether extracts of the rhizome showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in experimental animals without producing any toxicity or side effects. The anti-inflammatory activity of turmeric extracts has been attributed to curcumin and its analogues4

Oil of C.longa leaves obtained by steam distillation was given orally to study its effects on the exudative and proliferative phases of the inflammatory reaction, using the techniques of carrageenin-induced paw edema and cotton pellet methods in male albino rats. The anti-inflammatory activity was compared with Phenylbutazone. In carrageenin- induced edema, 1.6ml/kg of the volatile oil had as much anti-inflammatory activity as that of 100mg/kg Phenylbutazone. The oil was also found to be potent in cotton pellet granuloma studies5.

An oral dose of 500mg/kg of the ethanol extract of turmeric produced significant antiulcerogenic activity in rats subjected to hypothermic-restraint stress and pyloruic ligation. It also showed marked anti-ulcerogenic effect in indomethacin and reserpine, induced-gastric ulcers in rats. The extract had a highly significant protective effect against cytodestructive agents. Turmeric extract not only increased the gastric wall mucus significantly but also restored the non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) content in the glandular stomachs of the rats6.

C.longa rhizome extract showed blood glucose lowering activity in experimental, induced- diabetic rats. After 3 and 6 hrs of curcuma injection (10mg), 37.2 percent and 54.5 percent fall, were observed respectively in the glucose levels7.

Turmeric is reported to have anti-fertility activity as observed with experimental animals. The petroleum ether and aqueous extracts showed 100 percent anti-implantation in rats at a dose of 200mg/kg body wt fed orally on day 1 to 7 of pregnancy8.

Clinical Studies
Of the 50 cases of conjunctivitis, 25 cases were treated with Haridra Eye drops (HEB) and other 25 cases with soframycin eye drops (SED). Clinical symptoms started subsiding from the 3rd day and all were cured by the 6th day (except 2 patients) in patients treated with HED. In SED patients symptoms subsided from the 4th day and complete relief took 7 days except for 2 cases, which took 9 days. This indicates that HED has a definite role in conjunctivitis. Bacteriological study shows that Haridra act, effectively on E.coli, Staphylococus aureus, Klebsella and Pseudomonas9.

The Volatile oil of C.longa when given orally, was found most effective in the treatment of bronchial asthma than when given intramuscularly10.

Toxicology
The clastogenic potential of Curcuma longa in experimental rats in in vivo conditions has been evaluated. A single acute dose treatment (500mg/kg b.w.) could not significantly induce micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes but caused considerably higher chromosomal abberrations11.

Indications
In Indian systems of medicine, turmeric is used to some extent as a stomachic, tonic and blood purifier. It is also prescribed as an antiperiodic alterative. Externally, it is applied to indolent ulcers. A decoction of the rhizome is said to relieve the pain of purulent ophthalmia. Oil of turmeric, distilled from the dried rhizomes, has feeble antiseptic properties. It is an antacid, and, in small doses, acts as a carminative, stomachic, appetiser and tonic. In large doses, however, it appears to act as an antispasmodic inhibiting excessive peristaltic movements of the intestines. Turmeric also possesses anti-inflammatory property.

Product Range
Diabecon (GlucoCare), Geriforte (GeriCare / StressCare), Ophthacare, Purim (HemoCare), V-Gel (FemCare Gel), Anti-Wrinkle Cream, Foot Care Cream, Geriforte Aqua, Geriforte Vet, Scavon.

References

1. Ravindranath & Satyanarayana, Phytochemistry, 1980, 19, 2031; Masuda et. al., ibid, 1993, 32, 1557; Toda et. al., Chem Pharm Bull, 1985, 33, 1725; Kiuchi et. al., ibid, 1993, 41, 1640; Nakayama et. al., Phytochemistry, 1993, 33, 501; Ohshiro et. al., ibid, 1990, 29, 2201; Golding et. al., J Chem Soc, Chem Commun, 1982, 363; Uehara et. al., Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 1992, 46, 55; Kiso et. al., Phytochemistry, 1983, 22, 596; Imai et. al., Agric Biol Chem, 1990, 54, 2367; Gonda et. al., Chem Pharm Bull, 1990, 38, 482; 1992, 40, 185; Chem Abstr, 1977, 87, 11482; Ogbeide et. al., Pak J Sci, 1985, 37, 15.
2. Kelkar & Rao. J. Indian Inst. Sci.,1933, 17A, 7. A ketone, and an alcohol identified as p-tolylmethyl carbinol, have been obtained distillate3 (Chem. Abstr., 1933, 27, 4876).
3. Mayer & Cook,93; Chem. Abstr.,1948,42,8496.
4. Choudhury & Haq, Bull Med-Ethno-Bot Res, 1980, 1, 408; Arora et. al., Indian J Med Res, 1971, 59, 2189; Ammon & Wahl, Planta Med, 1991, 57, 1; Rao et. al., Indian J Med Res, 1982, 75, 574; Khung et. al., Indian J Pharmacol, 1986, 18, 20; Srimal & Dhawan, J Pharm Pharmacol, 1973, 25, 447; Srimal, Indian Spices, 1993, 30 (2&3), 21; Dhawan, ibid, 1993, 30 (2&3), 19; East Pharm, 1979, 22 (258), 70; Sinha et. al., Nagarjun, 1976, 19 (6), 11.
5. Iyengar, M.A et. al., Indian Drugs, 1994, v., 31(11), 528-531.
6. Rafatullah, S. et. al., J. Ethnopharmacol., 1990, v., 29(1), 25-34.
7. Tank, R. et. al., Indian Drugs, 1990, v., 27(11), 587-589.
8. Choudhury & Haq, Bull Med-Ethno-Bot Res, 1980, 1, 408; Garg et. al., Indian J Exp Biol, 1978, 16, 1077; Garg, Planta Med, 1974, 26, 225; Curr Res Med Arom Pl, 1983, 5, 83-01-549.
9. Srinivas,C. and Prabhakaran,K.V.S., Ancient Science of Life, 1989, v., 8(3 & 4), 279-283.
10. Jain, J.P. et. al., J. Res. Ayur. and Siddha, 1990, v., 11(1-4), 20-30.
11. Jain, A.K. et. al., Curr. Sci., 1987, 56(19), 1005-1006.
    

Source : himalayahealthcare

Kunyit Obat Herbal untuk mengobati Sakit Maag

Sakit Maag- adalah sakit yang ditimbulkan oleh kelebihan asam yang diproduksi oleh lambung yang menyebabkan iritasi di selaput lendir lambung. Dalam kondisi normal asam diperlukan untuk membantu pencernaan dalam mengolah makanan yang kita makan. Namun produksi asam di lambung dapat lebih besar dari yang dibutuhkan bila pola hidup kita tidak teratur dan sehat.

Gejala- Sakit saat buang air besar,Mual dan muntah, sering merasa lapar, Perut kembung dan Nyeri yang luar biasa.

Penyebab- Karena penyakit ini timbul dari lambung maka penyebab yang sering terjadi dikarenakan penderita makannya tidak teratur, terdapat mikroorganisme yang merugikan, mengonsumsi obat-obatan tertentu, atau pola hidup yang kurang sehat seperti mengonsumsi alkohol, pola tidur yang tidak teratur dan stress.

Selain itu, menurut Jamie Koufman, MD, dan Jordan Stern, MD, penulis buku In Dropping Acid: The Reflux Diet Cookbook & Cure, ada tujuh jenis makanan yang berpotensi meningkatkan asam lambung justru banyak terdapat dalam menu harian kita:1.Cokelat; 2.Minuman bersoda; 3. Makanan yang digoreng;4. Minuman beralkohol; 5. Produk olahan susu yang tinggi lemak; 6. Daging yang berlemak; 7. Kafein.


Kunyit mengobati Sakit Maag
Penyakit ini bisa disembuhkan dengan mengonsumsi kunyit (Curcuma longa atau C domestica), yang banyak ditemukan di setiap dapur di rumah. Sifat-sifat kunyit yang dapat menyembuhkan luka sudah dilaporkan sejak 1953. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, dengan kunyit laju penyembuhan meningkat 23,3 persen pada kelinci dan 24,4 persen pada tikus.

Pemberian ekstrak air atau ekstrak etanol kunyit secara oral pada kelinci secara nyata menurunkan sekresi asam lambung dan meningkatkan produksi mukus pada mukosa lambung. Bahkan, penyembuhannya dilakukan dengan menetralkan asam lambung, mengurangi produksi asam lambung, mengobati infeksi pada selaput lendir lambung, dan mengurangi rasa sakit akibat iritasi selaput lendir atau kekejangan otot dinding lambung.

Selain mengonsumsi kunyit yang telah diolah menjadi minuman, kepada penderita dianjurkan pula untuk makan dalam jumlah sedikit tetapi sering. Penyembuhan sakit maag juga bisa dengan menggunakan tanaman obat. Dengan mencampur tanaman yang mempunyai sifat demulcent, antasid, dan astringent, akan dapat diperoleh sediaan paling baik untuk pengobatan luka pada usus. Dosisnya masing-masing 165 mg/kg bobot badan untuk jus kunyit dan 10 gram/kg bobot badan untuk bubuk kunyit.

Kandungan aktif kunyit mengarah kepada penemuan curcumin. Secara eksperimental curcumin efektif mencegah dan memperbaiki luka lambung yang diinduksi oleh phenylbutazone dan aspirin. Curcumin meningkatkan mukus lambung sehingga aktivitas nyeri lambung dapat dijelaskan melalui stimulasi produksi mukus. Percobaan klinis efek kunyit pada penderita dilakukan terhadap 10 pasien.

Obat diberikan secara oral dengan dosis dua kapsul 250 mg selama empat kali sehari, setengah sampai satu jam sebelum makan dan sebelum tidur. Pemeriksaan endoskopik dijalankan periodik sebelum pengobatan dan 4, 8, 12 minggu setelah pengobatan. Maag sepenuhnya terobati pada lima pasien dalam waktu empat minggu atau tujuh pasien dalam empat sampai 12 minggu.

Sumber :
- okezone.com, tipsku.info, cintaherbal.wordpress.com, female.kompas.com

Tumbuhan obat Kunyit (Curcuma longa Linn.)

Kunyit
(Curcuma longa Linn.)
Sinonim :
Curcuma domestica Val. C. domestica Rumph. C. longa Auct.

Familia :
Zingiberaceae

Uraian :
Kunyit (Curcuma domestic) termasuk salah satu tanaman rempah dan obat, habitat asli tanaman ini meliputi wilayah Asia khususnya Asia Tenggara. Tanaman ini kemudian mengalami persebaran ke daerah Indo-Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia bahkan Afrika. Hampir setiap orang Indonesia dan India serta bangsa Asia umumnya pernah mengkonsumsi tanaman rempah ini, baik sebagai pelengkap bumbu masakan, jamu atau untuk menjaga kesehatan dan kecantikan.

Nama Lokal :
Saffron (Inggris), Kurkuma (Belanda), Kunyit (Indonesia); Kunir (Jawa), Koneng (Sunda), Konyet (Madura);

Penyakit Yang Dapat Diobati :
Diabetes melitus, Tifus, Usus buntu, Disentri, Sakit keputihan; Haid tidak lancar, Perut mulas saat haid, Memperlancar ASI; Amandel, Berak lendir, Morbili, Cangkrang (Waterproken);

Pemanfaatan :
1. Diabetes mellitus
Bahan: 3 rimpang kunyit, 1/2 sendok the garam
Cara membuat: kedua bahan tersebut direbus dengan 1 liter air
sampai mendidih, kemudian disaring.
Cara menggunakan: diminum 2 kali seminggu 1/2 gelas.

2. Tifus
Bahan: 2 rimpang kunyit, 1 bonggol sere, 1 lembar daun sambiloto
Cara membuat: Semua bahan tersebut ditumbuk halus dan dipipis, kemudian ditambah 1 gelas air masak yang masih hangat, dan di saring.
Cara mengunakan: diminum, dan dilakukan selama 1 minggu berturut-turut.

3. Usus buntu
Bahan: 1 rimpang kunyit, 1 butir buah jeruk nipis, 1 potong gula
kelapa/aren. Garam secukupnya.
Cara membuat: Kunyit diparut dan jeruk nipis diperas, kemudian dicampur dengan bahan yang lain dan disedu dengan 1 gelas air panas, kemudian disaring.
Cara menggunakan:diminum setiap pagi setelah makan, secara
teratur.

4. Disentri
Bahan: 1-2 rimpang kunyit, gambir dan kapur sirih secukupnya
Cara membuat: semua bahan tersebut direbus dengan 2 gelas air sampai mendidih hingga tinggal 1 gelas kemudian disaring.
Cara menggunakan:diminum dan diulangi sampai sembuh.

5. Sakit Keputihan
Bahan: 2 rimpang kunyit, 1 genggam daun beluntas, 1 gagang buah asam, 1 potong gula kelapa/aren
Cara membuat: semua bahan tersebut direbus dengan 1 liter air sampai mendidih, kemudian di saring.
Cara menggunakan:diminum 1 gelas sehari.

6. Haid tidak lancar
Bahan: 2 rimpang kunyit, 1/2 sendok Teh ketumbar, 1/2 sendok Teh
biji pala, 1/2 genggam daun srigading.
Cara membuat: semua bahan tersebut ditumbuk halus kemudian direbus dengan 1 liter air sampai mendidih, kemudian disaring
Cara menggunakan:diminum 1 gelas sehari.

7. Perut mulas pada saat haid
Bahan: 1 rimpang kunyit sebesar 4 cm, 1 rimpang jahe sebesar 4 cm,
1/2 rimpang kencur sebesar 4 cm
Cara membuat: semua bahan tersebut dicuci bersih dan diparut untuk diambil airnya, kemudian di tambah dengan perasan jeruk nipis, diseduh dengan 1/2 gelas air panas dan disaring.
Cara menggunakan:ditambah garam dan gula secukupnya dan diminum pada hari pertama haid.

8. Memperlancar ASI
Bahan: 1 rimpang kunyit
Cara membuat: kunyit ditumbuk sampai halus
Cara menggunakan: dioleskan sebagai kompres diseputar buah dada 1 kali setiap 2 hari.

9. Cangkrang (Waterproken)
Bahan: 2 rimpang kunyit, 1 genggam daun eceng,
Cara Membuat: semua bahan tersebut ditumbuk sampai halus
Cara menggunakan: dioleskan pada bagian yang kena cangkrang.

10. Amandel
Bahan: 1 rimpang kunyit, 1 butir jeruk nipis, 2 sendok madu
Cara membuat: Kunyit diparut, jeruk diperas untuk diambil airnya, kemudian dicampur dengan madu dan 1/2 gelas air hangat, diaduk sampai merata dan disaring
Cara menggunakan:diminum secara rutin 2 hari sekali.

11. Berak lendir
Bahan: 1 rimpang kunyit, 1 potong gambir, 1/4 sendok makan kapur sirih
Cara membuat: semua bahan tersebut direbus bersama dengan 2 gelas air sampai mendidih hingga tinggal 1 gelas dan disaring.
Cara menggunakan: diminum 2 kali sehari 1/2 gelas, pagi dan sore.

12. Morbili
Bahan: 1 rimpang kunyit dan 1 rimpang dringo bengle
Cara membuat: kedua bahan tersebut ditumbuk bersama sampai
halus
Cara menggunakan:dioleskan pada seluruh badan sebagai bedak

Komposisi :
KANDUNGAN KIMIA : Kunyit mengandung senyawa yang berkhasiat obat, yang disebut kurkuminoid yang terdiri dari kurkumin, desmetoksikumin dan bisdesmetoksikurkumin dan zat- zat manfaat lainnya Kandungan Zat : Kurkumin : R1 = R2 = OCH3 10 % Demetoksikurkumin : R1 = OCH3, R2 = H 1 - 5 % Bisdemetoksikurkumin: R1 = R2 = H sisanya Minyak asiri / Volatil oil (Keton sesquiterpen, turmeron, tumeon 60%, Zingiberen 25%, felandren, sabinen, borneol dan sineil ) Lemak 1 -3 %, Karbohidrat 3 %, Protein 30%, Pati 8%, Vitamin C 45-55%, Garam-garam Mineral (Zat besi, fosfor, dan kalsium) sisanya .

Sumber IPTEK Net

Tags : Amandel, ASI tidak lancar, berak lendir, Cangkrang, Curcuma longa, Diabetes, disentri, haid tidak lancar, Keputihan, kunyit, morbili, Nyeri haid, Tanaman OBAT, Tifus, Usus buntu

Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Genus: Curcuma
Species: C. longa

Binomial name
Curcuma longa
Linnaeus[1]


Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is native to tropical South Asia and needs temperatures between 20° C and 30° C, and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to thrive. Plants are gathered annually for their rhizomes, and re-seeded from some of those rhizomes in the following season.

The rhizomes are boiled for several hours and then dried in hot ovens, after which they are ground into a deep orange-yellow powder commonly used as a spice in curries and other South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine, for dyeing, and to impart color to mustard condiments. Its active ingredient is curcumin and it has an earthy, bitter, peppery flavor and a mustardy smell.

Turmeric is often misspelled (or pronounced) as tumeric. In medieval Europe, turmeric became known as Indian Saffron, since it is widely used as an alternative to the far more expensive saffron spice.

Sangli, a town in the southern part of the Indian state of Maharashtra, is the largest and most important trading centre for turmeric in Asia or perhaps in the entire world.[2]

Usage
Culinary uses
In non-Indian recipes, turmeric is sometimes used as a coloring agent. It has found application in canned beverages, baked products, dairy products, ice cream, yogurt, yellow cakes, orange juice, biscuits, popcorn color, sweets, cake icings, cereals, sauces, gelatins, etc. It is a significant ingredient in most commercial curry powders.

Although usually used in its dried, powdered form, Turmeric is also used fresh - much like ginger. It has numerous uses in far east recipes, such as fresh turmeric pickle (which contains large chunks of soft turmeric).

Turmeric (coded as E100 when used as a food additive) is used to protect food products from sunlight. The oleoresin is used for oil-containing products. The curcumin/polysorbate solution or curcumin powder dissolved in alcohol is used for water containing products. Over-coloring, such as in pickles, relishes and mustard, is sometimes used to compensate for fading.

In combination with annatto (E160b), turmeric has been used to color cheeses, yogurt, dry mixes, salad dressings, winter butter and margarine. Turmeric is also used to give a yellow color to some prepared mustards, canned chicken broths and other foods (often as a much cheaper replacement for saffron).

Turmeric is widely used as a spice in South Asian and Middle Eastern cooking. Momos (Nepali meat dumplings), a traditional dish in South Asia, are spiced with turmeric.


Medicinal uses
Main article: Curcumin
In Ayurvedic medicine, turmeric is thought to have many medicinal properties and many in India use it as a readily available antiseptic for cuts, burns and bruises. Practitioners of Ayurvedic medicine say it has fluoride which is thought to be essential for teeth. It is also used as an antibacterial agent.

It is taken in some Asian countries as a dietary supplement, which allegedly helps with stomach problems and other ailments. It is popular as a tea in Okinawa, Japan. It is currently being investigated for possible benefits in Alzheimer's disease, cancer and liver disorders.

Turmeric rhizomeIt is only in recent years that Western scientists have increasingly recognised the medicinal properties of turmeric. In the latter half of the 20th century, curcumin was identified as responsible for most of the biological effects of turmeric. According to a 2005 article in the Wall Street Journal, research activity into curcumin is exploding. In that year supplement sales increased 35% from 2004, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health had four clinical trials underway to study curcumin treatment for pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma, Alzheimer's, and colorectal cancer.

Cosmetics
Turmeric is currently used in the formulation of some sunscreens. Turmeric paste is used by some Indian women to keep them free of superfluous hair. Turmeric paste is applied to bride and groom before marriage in some places of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, where it is believed turmeric gives glow to skin and keeps some harmful bacteria away from the body.

The government of Thailand is funding a project to extract and isolate tetrahydrocurcuminoids (THC) from turmeric. THCs (not to be confused with tetrahydrocannabinol, also known as THC) are colorless compounds that might have antioxidant and skin-lightening properties and might be used to treat skin inflammations, making these compounds useful in cosmetics formulations.


Dye
Turmeric makes a great fabric dye but it is not very lightfast (the degree to which a dye resists fading due to light exposure). Colour fastness will remain for long time before redyeing is necessary approximately once yearly. Turmeric is commonly used in Indian clothing, such as saris. No mordant is required when using turmeric saving a step in the dye process & eliminating the use of potentially toxic mordants. Turmeric produces beautiful golds, yellows & greenish yellow, reddish brwon, ochre etc depending on the fibre used & how many times the daybath is used. Lots of reliable information ( online, local library, bookstores etc) is readily available regarding natural dyeing with turmeric


Gardening
Turmeric can also be used to deter ants. The exact reasons why turmeric repels ants is unknown, but anecdotal evidence suggests it works.[citation needed]


Ceremonial uses
Turmeric is also used in various rituals, such as the turmeric ceremony or gaye holud, part of the Bengali wedding.

Names in other languages
European languages
Curcuma in French and Portuguese
Cúrcuma or Palillo (South America) in Spanish
Kurkuma in Finnish, Hungarian, and Polish
Kurkuma or Japonský šafrán (lit. "Japanese saffron") in Czech
Kurkuma or Geelwortel (lit. "yellow root") in Dutch
Kurkuma or Gelbwurz (lit. "yellow root") in German
Куркума kurkuma in Macedonian and Russian
Gurkemeje in Danish
Gurkemeie in Norwegian
Gurkmeja in Swedish

Middle Eastern languages
كركم kurkum in Arabic
Դեղին կոճ deghin koch (lit. "yellow seed") in Armenian
Sarıkök (lit. "yellow root") in Azeri
כורכום kurkum in Hebrew
زه‌رده‌چه‌وه zardachawa in Kurdish
زردچوبه zardchubeh in Persian
Zerdeçal, Hint safranı (lit. "Indian saffron") in Turkish

South Asian languages
हरिद्रा haridrā or वरवर्णिनी varavarṇinī in Sanskrit
হলদি holdi or হলুদ holud (lit. "yellow") in Bengali
haldar in Gujarati
हल्दी haldī in Hindi
हळद haḷad in Marathi
हल्दी haldi or besar in Nepali
haladi in Oriya
ਹਲਦੀ haldi in Punjabi
haldī in Urdu
আন্দি andi in Bishnupriya Manipuri
ಅರಿಶಿಣ arishina in Kannada
ಮ0ಜಲ್ Manjal in Tulu
മഞ്ഞള്‍ manjal in Malayalam
पालु pālu in Nepal Bhasa
Kaha in Sinhala
மஞ்சள் manjal (lit. "yellow") in Tamil
పసుపు pasupu in Telugu

[edit] East and Southeast Asian languages
姜黄 jiang huang (lit. "ginger yellow") in Chinese
Kunyit in Indonesian and Malay
欝金 ukon in Japanese
Lmeat in Khmer
강황 kang hwang in Korean
ขมิ้น khamin in Thai
Nghệ in Vietnamese

Other languages
‘Ōlena in Hawaiian
Safran in Mauritian Creole
Haruut in Somali

Chemistry
Turmeric contains up to 5% essential oils and up to 3% curcumin, a polyphenol. It is the active substance of turmeric and it is also known as C.I. 75300, or Natural Yellow 3. The systematic chemical name is (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione.

It can exist at least in two tautomeric forms, keto and enol. The keto form is preferred in solid phase and the enol form in solution.


References
^ "Curcuma longa information from NPGS/GRIN". www.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved on 2008-03-04.
^ SANGLI...The Turmeric City of India n home of brights

Source from wikipedia

Tags : Curcuma longa, kunyit, Turmeric, Tanaman OBAT,