Tanaman Obat Indonesia Wijaya kusuma

(Epiphyllum anguliger)
Sinonim :

Familia :
Cactaceae

Uraian :
Wijayakusuma (Epiphyllum anguliger) termasuk jenis kaktus, divisi anthophita, bangsa opuntiales dan kelas dicotiledoneae. Jenis kaktus terdapat sekitar 1.500 jenis (famili). Tanaman kaktus dapat hidup subur di daerah sedang sampai tropis. Demikian juga tanaman wijayakusuma. Bunga wijayakusuma hanya merekah beberapa saat saja dan tidak semua tanaman wijayakusuma dapat berbunga dengan mudah, tergantung dari iklim, kesuburan tanah dan cara pemeliharaan. Pada umumnya tanaman jenis kaktus sukar untuk ditentukan morfologinya, tetapi wijayakusuma dapat dilihat dengan jelas mana bagian daun dan mana bagian batangnya, setelah tanaman ini berumur tua. Batang pohon wijayakusuma sebenarnya terbentuk dari helaian daun yang mengeras dan mengecil. Helaian daunnya pipih, berwarna hijau dengan permukaan daun halus tidak berduri, lain halnya dengan kaktus-kaktus pada umumnya. Pada setiap tepian daun wijayakusuma terdapat lekukan-lekukan yang ditumbuhi tunas daun atau bunga . Wijayakusuma dapat tumbuh baik ditempat yang tidak terlalu panas.

Nama Lokal :
Wijayakusuma (Indonesia);

Penyakit Yang Dapat Diobati :
Luka;

Pemanfaatan :
. Luka
Bahan: 1 helai daun wijayakusuma
Cara membuat: ditumbuk halus
Cara menggunakan: dioleskan pada luka, kemudian dibalut verban
Komposisi :
kandungan kimia : Tumbuhan wijayakusuma mempunyai daya ampuh untuk meredam rasa sakit dan mampu menetralisir pembekuan darah. Wijayakusuma juga memiliki daya yang dapat mempercepat masaknya luka abses. Komposisi kandungan kimia yang terdapat pada tumbuhan ini belum ada penelitian.

Sumber iptek.net.id

Epiphyllum anguliger

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Hylocereeae
Genus: Epiphyllum
Species: E. anguliger

Binomial name
Epiphyllum anguliger
(Lemaire) G. Don in Loudon (1855) Encycl. Pl. ed. 3, 1380

Synonyms
Phyllocactus anguliger Lemaire (1851) Jard. Fleur. 1, pl. 92
Phyllocactus serratus Brongnart in Labouret (1853) Monogr. Cact. 417
Phyllocactus angularis Labouret (1853) Monogr. Cact. 511 sphalm.
Phyllocactus darrahii K. Schumann (1903) Gesamtb. Kakteenk. Nachtr. 69
Epiphyllum darrahii (K. Schumann) Britton & Rose (1913) Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16:256
Epiphyllum beahmii hort. nom. inval.
Epiphyllum gertrudianum hort. nom. inval..
Epiphyllum anguliger v. darrahii Ewald. nom inval..
Epiphyllum anguliger v. pillocarpa Ewald nom. inval.
Epiphyllum anguliger v. pulocarpa Ewald nom. nud.

Epiphyllum anguliger is a cactus species native to Mexico. The species is commonly grown as an ornamental for its beautiful, fragrant flowers in the fall.

Etymology
This species is named for its deeply toothed stems ("anguliger" = "angle bearing") which sometimes make a perfect rectangle.


History
This plant was first distributed by the Horticultural Society of London which obtained it from the collector, T. Hartweg, in 1846.

Origin and habitat
C & S Mexico (Jalisco, Nayarit, Colima, Guerrero and Matanego). Epiphytic in evergreen oak forests.

Systematics
A very variable species but rather distinct and recognition of subspecific taxa seems unnecessary. Most closely related to Epiphyllum crenatum and Epiphyllum laui.

Cultivation
An easily cultivated, fast growing epiphyte. Needs a compost containing plenty of humus and sufficient moisture in summer. Should be kept at 16-25ºC (61-77ºF), it may drop to 10-15ºC (50-59ºF) for shorter periods. Best grown in semi-shade. Flowers in late autumn or early winter.

Description
Stems profusely branched, primary stems terete at base, often woody, apical part and secondary stems flat and rather succulent, 20-30 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, deeply lobed, often to near midrib, the lobes rectangular to obtuse or rounded; areoles small nude or with 1-2 white bristles; epidermis green, smooth. Flowers 6-20 cm long, 6-7 cm wide, nocturnal, strongly sweet-scented *; pericarpel with podarium; receptacle 8-16 cm long, 4 mm thick, pale yellow, greenish or pinkish, bracteoles few, minute, linear and green, adpressed; outer tepals 10, linear to linear-lanceolate, acute, spreading or reflexed, 4-5 cm long, lemon yellow to brownish yellow; inner tepals lanceolate to ovate, acute or acuminate, white, sometimes toothed, as long as outer tepals; stamens in two rows, white, erect to subdeclinate, nearly as long as tepals; style longer than inner tepals, white; stigma lobes 8-11, linear. Fruit ovoid, brownish, greenish or yellowish, 3-4 cm thick.

Cultivars & hybrids
'El Tecolote' WC (REDC) 1997. E. anguliger x 'Bonanza Belle'. Inner tepals creamy white; outer tepals lemon yellow or golden bronze, similar to the species. Nocturnal, but stays open until noon the next day. Medium sized. Small, flat, deeply lobed stems.
'Jetz' WC (REDC) 1997. E. anguliger x 'Bonanza Bell'. Nocturnal fragrant flower with inner tepals cream, tips lemon yellow, acute and pencil line lemon yellow, ruffled margins, two next rows yellower, 4th and 5th rows solid lemon yellow; outer tepals bronze with yellow to red-orange midstripe. Overlapping wide form. Small plant with thick, flat stems, margins deeply lobed. (medium-large)
'What Luck'
WC (REDC) 1997. E. anguliger x 'Bonanza Belle'. Persimon orange, darker at edges, outer tepals rusty orange, overlapping, wide form. Style and stamens light orange. Flower medium sized. Stems small, flat, deeply lobed.

E. anguliger 'Beahmianum'
Collected by Thomas MacDougall in 1967, in Oaxaca, Mexico. Flowers white with a lavender-pink throat.

E. anguliger 'Gertrudianum'
Flowers shorter than in most clones, 6-7,5 cm long and 12 cm wide. Strong grower and a prolific bloomer.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia